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این مقاله علمی پژوهشی (ISI) به زبان انگلیسی از نشریه الزویر مربوط به سال ۲۰۲۲ دارای ۱۴ صفحه انگلیسی با فرمت PDF می باشد در ادامه این صفحه لینک دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی و بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله موجود می باشد.
کد محصول: M1249
سال نشر: ۲۰۲۲
نام ناشر (پایگاه داده): الزویر
نام مجله: International Review of Economics and Finance
نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی (Research articles)
تعداد صفحه انگلیسی: ۱۴ صفحه PDF
عنوان کامل فارسی:
مقاله انگلیسی ۲۰۲۲ : ارتقای کارآفرینی صادراتی: نقش تأخیرهای زمانی ناشی از مقررات و نهادها
عنوان کامل انگلیسی:
Export entrepreneurship promotion: The role of regulation-induced time delays and institutions
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Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between regulation-induced time delays and export entrepreneurship in a panel of 59 countries for the period 2006 to 2014. The paper finds robust evidence that regulations which cause lengthy time delays in moving a standard container of goods from the factory to the seaport significantly reduce export entry rate. These findings support the hypothesis that decreasing regulation-induced time delays expands export entrepreneurship by reducing the cost of exporting. Additionally, the paper finds that superior quality institutions significantly enhance the positive impact of lower regulatory time barriers on export entrepreneurship. Stronger protection of private property rights is the most important measure of institutional quality that aides the favorable impact of lower regulation-induced time barriers on export entrepreneurship. Furthermore, a reduction in regulation-induced time barriers has a positive effect on net entry rate and survival rates of export entrants, and high-quality institutions significantly increase the magnitude of this positive outcome.
Keywords: Trade costs, Regulations, Export entrepreneurship, Institutional quality
۱.Introduction
Non-tariff barriers, particularly domestic (behind-the-border) supply constraints are a major source of trade costs in developing countries. These domestic supply constraint dissuade developing country firms from exporting (Hoekman & Nicita, 2011), and they include inefficient business regulations that increase costs for exporting firms. The exporting process often entails numerous procedures including pre-shipment inspections, inland transport/carriage, port handling, and customs procedures. Lengthy time delays in completing these different procedures impose costs on exporters such as inventory-holding costs, depreciation costs, higher transport costs, and costs associated with uncertainty about the delivery time of goods. These costs impede trade.
This paper examines the relationship between export entrepreneurship and the amount of time necessary to comply with all behind-the-border regulations required to export goods. The Exporter Dynamics Database from the World Bank is the source of export entrepreneurship data. Based on this database, a panel dataset of 59 countries spanning the period 2006–۲۰۱۴ is constructed and used to conduct the empirical analysis. Export entrepreneurship is measured by firm entry rate, which is defined as the number of entrants into exports divided by the number of exporters. Following Djankov et al. (2010), regulation that influences time to export is measured by the time (in days) spent complying with all procedures required to export a standardized cargo of goods by sea transport. The source of data is the World Bank’s Doing Business project…
۶.Conclusions
This paper examines the relationship between regulations that influence time to export goods and export entrepreneurship, and how this relationship is impacted by institutional quality. In a panel of 59 countries spanning the period between 2006 and 2014, the paper finds robust evidence that: 1) regulation-induced time delays have a significant negative effect on export entrepreneurship, and 2) poor quality institutions significantly increase the magnitude of this negative relationship. Overall, economic institutional quality measures are found to be relatively more significant in enhancing the favorable impact on export entrepreneurship from reducing regulation-induced time delays. It is important however to highlight that the most significant economic institution is property rights. As pointed out by new institutional economics theory, stronger protection of private property rights promotes entrepreneurship and other pro-development outcomes by providing a higher degree of market freedom. Other economic institutions that have a significant positive impact on export entrepreneurship include superior regulatory quality, higher government integrity and rule of law enforcement. Furthermore, a reduction in regulation-induced time barriers has a significant positive impact on net entry rate and survival rates of second- and third-year exporters, and high-quality institutions significantly increase the magnitude of this positive result…