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این مقاله علمی پژوهشی (ISI) به زبان انگلیسی از نشریه الزویر مربوط به سال ۲۰۲۲ دارای ۱۱ صفحه انگلیسی با فرمت PDF می باشد در ادامه این صفحه لینک دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی و بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله موجود می باشد.
کد محصول: M1212
سال نشر: ۲۰۲۲
نام ناشر (پایگاه داده): الزویر
نام مجله: Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services
نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی (Research articles)
تعداد صفحه انگلیسی: ۱۱ صفحه PDF
عنوان کامل فارسی:
مقاله انگلیسی ۲۰۲۲ : نقش تعدیل کننده جنسیت در رابطه بین قالب سازمانی و عملکرد در صنعت سوپر مارکت اسپانیا
عنوان کامل انگلیسی:
Gender’s moderating role in the relationship between organisational form and performance in the Spanish supermarket industry
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Abstract
This research seeks to discover how the organisational form (franchising vs. vertical integration) of 305 supermarkets belonging to a Spanish franchise chain influences unit-level performance measured through three key performance indicators commonly used in the retail literature: sales per square metre, sales per employee, and service quality scores. Additionally, we assess the moderating role of the manager’s gender in each individual supermarket. We have analysed the research questions using multivariate analyses, with a panel dataset that includes quarterly establishment-level data covering the period from January 2017 to December 2019. We have found that franchised supermarkets record higher sales both per square metre and per employee than vertically integrated ones. This positive effect of franchising is lower in establishments run by females than in those run by males. The findings also reveal that franchised supermarkets record lower service quality scores than their company-owned counterparts, and this negative effect is again lower in establishments managed by females than in those managed by males.
Keywords: Company ownership, Franchising, Gender Performance, Sales per employee, Sales per square metre, Service quality, Supermarket industry
۱.Introduction
The coexistence of franchised and vertically integrated establishments in the same chain is a major topic for researchers studying entrepreneurship and small business management (Brand and Croonen, 2010). At network level, scholars have analysed the synergies between franchised and vertically integrated outlets in the same chain (Bradach, 1997, 1998), while at establishment level they have examined the performance differences between franchised and company-owned outlets, with mixed findings (Kosov´a et al., 2013; Shelton, 1967; V´azquez-Su´arez et al., 2020). One of the goals of research in this field is to discover whether one of these two organisational choices outperforms the other. This is a key issue, as whatever influences a business’s performance also affects its efficiency and long-term survival. In this study, we contend that the gender of each individual outlet’s manager may shed some light on these relationships…
۵.۳.Limitations and future research
The results and conclusions of our research should be considered in terms of its shortcomings, given that our empirical setting specifically involves a franchise chain belonging to a large Spanish supermarket company. Although the focus on this franchise chain in a given country allows controlling for external effects, it negatively affects the results’ validity. Another shortcoming involves the limited number of performance variables and time periods examined, which mean our outcomes cannot be generalised. In view of these weaknesses, additional investigation is required to discover whether the outcomes hold more generally for other KPIs, and whether our results are valid for other supermarket chains, other industrial sectors, and other territories. For instance, future research should investigate whether female involvement positively or negatively influences different performance indicators in franchise chains, and in what context or under what conditions females record positive or negative results. Scholars should therefore explore various moderating or mediating variables that may provide a more realistic take on the link between gender and performance. By so doing, we could provide more precise management implications and useful advice for businesses…