مسائل مربوط به حفاظت از محیط زیست و پایداری در بخش مواد غذایی دو دهه گذشته موجب نگرانی های جهانی شده است. شرکت ها و دولت در بسیاری از کشورها شروع به درک اهمیت سبز کردن زنجیره تامین خود کرده اند. مدیریت زنجیره تامین سبز توجه ویژه مردم را به خود جلب کرده است و بسیاری از شرکت ها در حال حاضر علاقه مند به پذیرش آن به عنوان استراتژی خود به منظور ارتقاء تصویر برند خود، جذب سهم بازار بیشتر و کسب اعتماد مشتری هستند هدف از این مقاله کشف شاخص های عملکرد متنوع و زیر شاخص های موثر بر پیاده سازی مدیریت زنجیره تامین سبز است و بررسی قابلیت اطمینان و رتبه بندی آنها با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل فرآیند سلسله مراتبی تحلیلی می باشد پس از مرور گسترده ادبیات و مشاوره با کارشناسان صنعتی، این مطالعه ۱۳ شاخص عملکرد و ۷۹ زیر شاخص را پیشنهاد کرده است.

فاز کمی با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد که توسط شرکت های مختلف کشاورزی تکمیل شده بود مورد بررسی قرار گرفت پس از آن یک مرحله کیفی، که در آن پرسشنامه ها به طور کامل پر شده، ویرایش و بیشتر تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که مدیریت محیط زیست داخلی، طراحی محیطی و فشار قانونی به عنوان سه شاخص برتر عملکرد رتبه بندی می شوند. تجزیه و تحلیل حساسیت نیز انجام شد تا تاثیر وزن را در رتبه بندی نهایی شاخص های عملکرد بررسی کند. این یکی از اولین مطالعاتی است که شاخص های عملکرد برای اجرای مدیریت زنجیره تامین سبز در صنعت کشاورزی را نشان می دهد این مطالعه قطعا به سازمان های مرتبط کمک می کند تا مدیریت زنجیره تامین را مدیریت کنند.

Abstract

Environmental protection and sustainability issues in food sector have attracted global concerns in the past two decades. Companies and government in many countries have started realizing the importance of greening their supply chains. Green supply chain management has gained special attention of public and many companies are now interested in adopting it as their strategy to advance their brand image, capturing more market share and to win the trust of the customer. The purpose of this paper is to explore the diverse performance indicators and sub-indicators responsible for green supply chain management implementation and to check its reliability and to rank them using analytic hierarchy process analysis. After extensive literature review and consulting Industrial experts, the study has suggested 13 performance indicators and 79 sub-indicators.

The quantitative phase was conducted through a survey using standard questionnaire with various agro based companies followed by a qualitative phase, where the duly filled questionnaires were received, edited and further analyzed. It has been concluded that internal environmental management, environmental design and regulatory pressure are ranked as the top three performance indicators. The sensitivity analysis has also been performed to see the effect of weightage on the final ranking of performance indicators. This is one of the first studies that suggest the performance indicators for implementation of green supply chain management in agro industry. The study will certainly aid the related organizations to implement green supply chain management.

۱. Introduction

It has been observed that the industries now embraced the green supply chain management (GSCM) approach to green their supply chains and are very keen to know about the critical factors/ performance indicators responsible for its implementation. It has emerged as a contemporary approach in twenty first century to attain efficiency, corporate profit, brand image, market share and to reduce the biological footprints of products, as well as the environmental concerns are increasingly becoming significant in managing the trade today. Considering the environmental regulations and growing demands by the overseas buyers for a lot of ecofriendly merchandise, many corporations across the globe are adopting environment friendly merchandises as their trade strategy for future sustainability and to have a competitive edge over others. In many nations, the Government, industries and some non- Government organizations are operating along to purchase eco products which would eventually benefit the environment and thus the civilization.

Limiting damage to the environment has been the major challenge society faces over the coming years. Companies are increasingly being urged to play their part in taking action to avert long term irreversible damage to our planet and they are setting up their environmental programs to incorporate green policy throughout their various stages of the supply chain. GSCM aims to limiting wastes within the production so as to save energy and prevents the debauchery of harmful material into the environment. Organizations are taking steps to develop into more ecoconscious and going green within the limitations of their trade objectives.

The present study focuses on the implementation of GSCM in agro companies and provides them essential performance indicators and sub-indicators in order of their dominance. The introduction of GSCM in agro industry will improve their product design, procurement procedure, internal processing, distribution and re-processing operations etc.