پارس پروژه پرتال خدمات دانشگاهی
کد محصول: R37
سال نشر: ۱۹۸۸
نام ناشر (پایگاه داده): الزویر
نام مجله: The Arts in Psychotherapy
نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی (Research articles)
تعداد صفحه انگلیسی: ۱۱ صفحه PDF
تعداد صفحه ترجمه فارسی: ۲۳ صفحه word
قیمت فایل ترجمه شده: ۱۳۰۰۰ تومان
عنوان فارسی:
مقاله ترجمه شده : دلقک درمانی: خلق شخصیت یک دلقک به عنوان یک اقدام درمانی
عنوان انگلیسی:
CLOWN THERAPY: THE CREATION OF A CLOWN CHARACTER AS A TREATMENT INTERVENTION
مقدمه:
من دلقک‌بازی را از سن ۱۵ سالگی و از طریق یک برنامه‌ی دلقک‌بازی به نمایش درآمده برای گروه جوانان کلیسا آغاز کردم. من این نقش را به طور طبیعی به اجرا درآوردم و تحت تأثیر آزادی‌ای که شخصیت دلقک به من عرضه می‌داشت و همچنین پاسخ‌های عاطفی‌ای که از تماشاگران دریافت می‌کردم قرار گرفت. به عنوان یک جوان از من برای آموزش دلقک‌بازی به زندانیان یک زندان فوق امنیتی دعوت صورت پذیرفت. و من مجدداً شاهد قدرت دلقک بودم. زندانیان با احساسات اغراق‌آمیزی که از مدت‌ها پیش در خود پنهان ساخته بودند دست به گریبان شدند. آنها مجذوب بازی‌های کودکانه شدند و با آزادی‌ای که شخصیتشان به آنها می‌بخشید از لحاظ روانی تخلیه گردیدند. از طریق همین تجربه بود که ایده مزیت درمانی دلقک‌بازی در ذهن من شکل گرفت…
Introduction
I began clowning at the age of 15 through a clown ministry program presented to my church youth group. I took to it naturally and was struck by the freedom my clown character offered me and the emotional responses I elicited from my audience. As a young adult, I was invited to teach clowning to inmates at a men’s maximum security prison. Again, I witnessed the power of the clown. The men struggled with exaggerating emotions they had buried long ago. They engaged in childlike play and mentally escaped through the release offered by their characters. The idea that clowning offers a therapeutic benefit began to form in my mind through this experience.
My thoughts, feelings and goals continued to revolve around this idea as I pursued a career in social service and took as many clowning workshops as I could afford. Finally, I took the fool’s step into the abyss and began to study the connection between the clown and psychology at Antioch University, Seattle, WA.
This is the result of that study. The trickster, fool and clown are subjects of study in psychology, physics, the occult, theater, mythology and anthropology. Their significance to society is debated, their place in history is established, their relationship to the gods is pondered. The trickster, fool and clown also have a place in psychology in general and in psychotherapy in particular. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize the reader with clown therapy, the creation of a clown character as a therapeutic intervention. A brief review of the literature follows this introduction. The next section outlines the principles of clown therapy, followed by the goals and objectives of the psychotherapeutic process.
The last section describes a group therapy session, using specific clowning techniques and exercises. The trickster, fool and clown are archetypal images. Archetypes, loosely defined, are universal, archaic patterns of potential behaviors (Jacobi, 1959; Jung, 1960, 1961, 1964). These patterns are the inherited structure of the human psyche. The individual’s experience makes up the content of the pattern and becomes an archetypal image. On the archetypal level, the trickster, fool and clown are interchangeable or three faces of the same archetype. However, the archetypal images or representations of the archetype in mythology, theater, psychology, culture and community vary considerably. The distinction between trickster, fool and clown images is important and each requires some introduction and clarification.